Browser-based Office file handling refers to viewing and editing Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and other documents directly within a web browser like Chrome, Edge, or Firefox. This functionality is achieved through web applications provided by services like Microsoft 365 (Office Online) or Google Workspace (which opens Office files). Instead of requiring you to download and install a dedicated program like Microsoft Office on your computer, these tools run entirely within the browser window. Your files can be stored online (e.g., in OneDrive, SharePoint, or Google Drive) and opened directly from there.

For instance, users frequently utilize this capability for collaborative editing. Multiple people can work simultaneously on the same Word document or Excel spreadsheet shared via OneDrive, seeing changes in real-time. Another common scenario is accessing and reviewing documents on public or shared computers where installing full Office applications isn't permitted or desired, allowing quick edits or presentations without local software dependencies. Platforms like SharePoint online also leverage this for team document libraries.

This approach offers significant advantages like universal access from any internet-connected device and easier collaboration, often reducing costs associated with desktop licenses. However, limitations include potential feature differences compared to full desktop apps, especially for complex tasks in Excel or advanced PowerPoint formatting, and a reliance on a stable internet connection. Future developments focus on enhancing offline capabilities and narrowing the feature gap with desktop counterparts, increasing adoption for routine tasks.