Docker volumes provide persistent storage for containers, but you cannot directly rename files within them from your host machine because they are managed storage outside regular filesystem access. To rename, you must interact with the volume via a temporary container session. You execute commands inside a container that mounts the target volume, then use standard Linux commands (like mv) within that container to rename files or directories inside the mounted volume path.

For example, you might run an interactive Alpine Linux container mounting your volume (webdata):
docker run -it --rm -v webdata:/app alpine sh.
Inside the container shell, navigate to /app (the mount point) and use mv old_filename.txt new_filename.txt to rename. Another common workflow involves using docker exec on an existing container already using the volume: docker exec -it my_container sh and then running mv within its volume path.

This method relies on transient containers and command-line access, making it cumbersome for frequent bulk renaming or automation. Volume permissions tied to the container's user/group can also complicate access. For scenarios requiring direct host-side file management, consider bind mounts (host directories mounted into containers) instead. Future Docker features might simplify volume file manipulations.