Granting permissions means providing another user controlled access to your resources, such as files, folders, databases, or system functions. It differs from ownership transfer, as you retain control over the resource while allowing others to perform specific actions like viewing, editing, or executing. Permissions are assigned using settings within the system or platform housing the resource, often managed through user accounts or group roles.

For instance, in file systems like Windows or macOS, you right-click a document, select "Properties" or "Get Info," navigate to the "Security" or "Sharing & Permissions" tab, and add a user with rights like "Read" or "Modify." Similarly, cloud platforms like AWS allow you to attach specific policies (e.g., AmazonS3ReadOnlyAccess) to an IAM user within the management console, granting them read access to designated S3 buckets.

This controlled sharing enables essential collaboration but requires careful management. Key advantages include efficient teamwork and granular control. However, limitations include the risk of over-provisioning access, leading to security vulnerabilities or accidental data leaks. Best practice dictates applying the principle of least privilege, granting only the minimum necessary permissions. Future developments focus on automating permission audits and integrating Zero Trust models to enhance security.